In the immediately preceding week, prices in the foreign market and domestic markets for LPG were relatively stable
In the immediately preceding week, prices in the foreign market and domestic markets for LPG were relatively stable
The international prices of LPG was on a risen note after an initial fall in the beginning of the week.
Depot prices fluctuated with a slight increase at the end of the week compared to the previous week.
The narrowing of price disparities between prices at the depot level and those at the international level has remained narrowed, despite relative fluctuation in both markets.
In the week under review, the price increased per kg of LPG and has been within the specific ranges with an increasing rate in the last few weeks.
Disparities in LPG retail prices throughout the country still persist due to transportation cost.
A daily feature of the Nigerian LPG market was regional variance in LPG prices across the country. Because of the distance from coastal areas the South-East region has the highest price.
Inflation Rate and the LPG: In the last 11 months, inflation has been steadily rising (Fig D). The rate of inflation in November increased from 14.89 to 15.75 in December 2020 (Fig D). The composite food index inclined to 19.56 in December from 18.3 in November and 17.38 in October, 16.16 percent in September and 16.0 percent in August, 15.48 percent in July 2020 compared to 15.18 percent in June 2020. This is caused by the lasting effect of the closure of Nigerian land borders against vital products, the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic and the kidnapping and killing of farmers in the agrarian part of the country. The expected rate of inflation in January 2021 is 14.96%. Goods and services are now competing against fixed, and even declining, revenue from consumers. The LPG market declined as a result.
Exchange Rate and the LPG: Due to the continued development of disparities in the parallel market, the exchange value continued at N380 to US $1 throughout the whole week (figure E). The exchange rate is one of the variables which in the international market determines the prices of LPG. A higher exchange rate would add a significant amount to the purchase price of the LPG on the local market. This implies that the LPG market contracts.
Crude oil Price and the LPG: The correlation between LPG price and crude oil price remains positive, as a by-product of crude oil. Crude oil prices reached its apex towards the end of the week but ended on fallen note in international market (Figure F). This shows that the price of crude oil has not been stable in the international market and that the price of LPG fluctuated. This reflects variability in the market price for LPG
Foreign Reserves: As in the previous week, despite Naira devaluation and the pegged exchange rate at N380 to US$ 1, the Nigerian Foreign Reserve decrease further from $34.90 billion to $34.66 billion in the week under review despite the devaluation and pegging of the Naira at N380 to US$ 1. This might be due to instability in the price of oil.
PMI: The CBN Purchasing Managers Index (PMI) recorded overall growth in employment, business and inventory in the month of December while ordering in the category of supply for power, gas, steam and air conditioning remained stagnant while business operation & inventory were static in the same month at 45.7 per cent.
Covid-19: Nigerians are still seen observing caution not to spread the virus in its second wave period even though there is no lockdown measure applied in the country at present. Economic activities are normal and social distance is maintained. Covid-19 causes demand of goods and services to fall due to the full or partial lock-down effect. The implication of the Covid-19 contracts the LPG market
Covid-19 Vaccine arrived in Nigeria: Nigerian President Muhammad Buhari on Saturday urged all "eligible Nigerians" to be vaccinated against coronavirus as soon as possible using the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, manufactured by the Serum Institute of India and provided through the global COVAX initiative. The implication of this is that people will be confident health-wise and this will lead to free flow of activities in the economy without full or partial lockdown.
Reducing the effect of the Covid-19, entails more campaign and public awareness of the virus as people are easily carried away and relaxing. Vaccines for Covid-19 should be distributed without much delay if available.
Nigerians are advised to take the AstraZeneca COVID-19 vaccine, manufactured by the Serum Institute of India to be immune against the virus.
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